Joan Miro
Born April 20, 1893, Barcelona, Spain—died December 25, 1983, Palma, Majorca), Catalan painter who combined abstract art with Surrealist fantasy. His mature style evolved from the tension between his fanciful, poetic impulse and his vision of the harshness of modern life. He worked extensively in lithography and produced numerous murals, tapestries, and sculptures for public spaces.
Joan Miró rejected the constraints of traditional painting, creating works “conceived with fire in the soul but executed with clinical coolness,” as he once said. Widely considered one of the leading Surrealists, though never officially part of the group, Miró pioneered a wandering linear style of Automatism—a method of “random” drawing that attempted to express the inner workings of the human psyche. Miró used color and form in a symbolic rather than literal manner, his intricate compositions combining abstract elements with recurring motifs like birds, eyes, and the moon. “I try to apply colors like words that shape poems, like notes that shape music,” he said. While he prized artistic freedom, Miró revered art history, basing a series of works on the Dutch Baroque interiors of Hendrick Sorgh and Jan Steen. In turn, Miró has inspired many artists— significantly Arshile Gorky, whose bold linear abstractions proved a foundational influence on Abstract Expressionism.
出生于1893年4月20日，西班牙巴塞罗那 - 1983年12月25日，帕尔马，马略卡岛，加泰罗尼亚画家，他将抽象艺术与超现实主义幻想结合在一起。他的成熟风格源于他的幻想，诗意的冲动和他对现代生活的严酷性的看法之间的紧张关系。他在平版印刷方面做了大量工作，并为公共场所制作了许多壁画，挂毯和雕塑。 琼·米罗（JoanMiró）拒绝了传统绘画的限制，正如他曾经说过的那样，创造了“灵魂中的灵魂，但却以临床的冷静来执行”的作品。米罗被广泛认为是超现实主义者之一，虽然从未正式成为该组织的一部分，但米罗开创了一种流行的自动线性风格 - 一种“随机”绘画方法，试图表达人类心灵的内在运作方式。米罗以象征性而非文字的方式使用颜色和形式，他的复杂构图将抽象元素与鸟，眼睛和月亮等重复图案相结合。他说：“我试图运用像塑造诗歌的文字一样的颜色，就像塑造音乐的音符一样。”虽然他珍视艺术自由，但米罗尊重艺术史，在荷兰巴洛克风格的内饰上创作了一系列作品，分别是Hendrick Sorgh和Jan Steen。反过来，米罗激励了许多艺术家 - 显着的高尔基高尔基，其大胆的线性抽象证明了对抽象表现主义的基础影响。
